Background
The role of Non-Nutritive Sweetners on appetite is unclear for many years. So far the relationship was evaluated via the visual analogue scales, energy intake or the change in the appetite regulating hormone. The results obtained so far are mixed. Few studies evaluating changes in appetite using VAS after consumption of NNS in comparison of fructose, sucrose, water or placebo showed no difference. Two meta-analysis showed positive effect of NNS on energy intake when used to substitute sugars without compensation of the energy in the meal plan. On the other hand, observational prospective studies found no significant association or slight relationship between NNS consumption and an incremental change in BMI, body weight and abdominal obesity. Need more long term or mid term studies to evaluate and conclude with clinical implications.
Objective
The clinical trial aims to evaluate whether the regular dose of sucralose, could modify fasting concentrations of appetite regulating hormones including GLP-1, PYY, ghrelin and leptin and secondarily in insulin resistance.
Method: A 2 week randomized clinical trial, 60 healthy normal weighted individuals (without habitual consumption of NNS) were included in the study. The participated were divided into 2 groups, interventional group received sucralose (equivalent to 15 % of the ADI) while the control group did not receive any intervention. An additional visit was conducted post 1 week of dose termination.
Outcome measured
Primary outcome: Fasting concentration of appetite regulating hormones before and after the intervention
Secondary outcome: Fasting glucose and insulin concentrations were measured to assess insulin resistance
Results:
Sucralose showed no association with changes in appetite regulating hormone measured in intervention group compared to control group. An incremental change (P=0.04) in the homeostasis model of insulin resistance was observed in the intervention group.
Conclusion
The study concluded that sucralose intake was not associated with changes in fasting concentrations of glucagon-like peptide 1, ghrelin, peptide tyrosine and leptin. Also, the incremental change in the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) of insulin resistance observed post dosage, was of unknown clinical significance.
Read More*
*Redirecting to the external website